Modern Concepts of Modernity in Newspapers of the Constitutional Era of Guilan

The Constitutional Revolution of Gilan can be considered as a new chapter in the intellectual and social life of the people of this region. The impact of this movement was so significant on the society of Iran and Gilan and the entire Iranian land that it is possible to divide the historical life of Iran and Gilan into two periods: pre-Constitutional and post-Constitutional Gilan. During the Constitutional Revolution, Gilan was one of the provinces that played an effective role in the fruition of the Constitutional Revolution. When the people of Tehran were oppressed during the period of the petty tyranny of Mohammad Ali Shahi, the people of Gilan revived the Constitutional Revolution by rising up against the tyrannical forces. Journalists and historians have spoken in detail about the effective role of the people of Gilan in the Constitutional Revolution. The expansion of the political atmosphere and social freedoms of the Constitutional Revolution led to the press, as in other major cities of Iran, playing a significant role as the most important means of providing news and information. During the years 1286 and 1287 AH. More than ten newspapers were published in Gilan, all of which provided the opportunity for intellectual interaction in Gilan society. The impact of these newspapers was such that even illiterate people were informed about the content of the newspapers by educated people. In terms of the frequency of newspaper publication in the Constitutional era, there is a significant number. Politically and intellectually, Gilan was considered one of the intellectual pillars of Constitutional Iran, along with Tabriz and Tehran. The growth of social changes caused Gilan to spend one of the most brilliant periods of its journalism during the Constitutional years.