The reflection of the foreign policy of the great powers on the mutual relations of Middle East actors

The Middle East is considered one of the most controversial geopolitical regions in the world. In this region, on the one hand, we are faced with fragile or authoritarian governments, which itself affects the foreign relations of actors in this region. On the other hand, the Middle East is full of territorial, ethnic, identity and ideological divisions and conflicts. The actors' sense of threat towards each other has caused internal balance and external balance to become the dominant pattern in the relations between actors in this region. The complexity of developments in this region, both in the domestic arena and in foreign relations, is such that many examine the Middle East in formats such as exceptionalism, turbulent region with fluid and fluctuating foreign relations. The foreign relations of actors in this region have been full of dynamics, especially in the new millennium. If in the bipolar era, most actors in different geopolitical regions, including the Middle East, defined their interests and security in connection with one of the two poles of the United States and the Soviet Union, and even in the early unipolar era, many actors defined their security only in unipolar links, but in the new millennium and especially affected by the policy of turning to the Pacific and reducing America's commitments in the Middle East, as well as increasing the economic and political power of emerging regional and international players, Southwest Asia is practically part of the chain. Dependence on superpowers has been removed and powerful regional players have gained a higher role and status, and diversification policy and network relations have expanded in this region.
In this research, an attempt was made to analyze the mutual relations of actors in the Middle East with regard to the different levels of power in this region, as well as the theoretical issues related to alliances and alliances, and the trends of alliances and alliances and patterns of friendship and enmity. Both among the regional actors themselves and in the relations of each of these actors with foreign powers should be examined more closely.